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The vast majority of fiction writers write short stories, whether they write for their own pleasure, for the writing circle they belong to, a competition or whether they aim to get them published. The temptation to bring in lots of exciting characters can be irresistible. But are they necessary?
In a short story you have between 800 and 3,000 words, on average, in which to tell your tale. You can't afford to [link widoczny dla zalogowanych] populate it with a cast of thousands. They simply won't [link widoczny dla zalogowanych] fit in.
So what must you do, what principles [link widoczny dla zalogowanych] must you abide by to get the [link widoczny dla zalogowanych] balance right? Let's look at one or two examples.
Principle 1 - Whenever possible wield the [link widoczny dla zalogowanych] axe.
Your main character is John and you write: 'John opened the door. It was Reg Bigley, the postman, with a parcel.'
Giving [link widoczny dla zalogowanych] the postman a name makes him a 'Character' and, as a result, in the minds of your readers he has assumed a visual reality. Your readers will picture Reg, even if only vaguely, in a form that the name 'Reg Bigley' conjures up in their minds. It will differ from reader to reader [link widoczny dla zalogowanych] of course, but giving a character a name will have that effect.
If you write: 'John opened the door. It was the postman with a parcel' then we just have [link widoczny dla zalogowanych] a nebulous 'postman' with no connotations for building a persona out of.
In this scenario I am assuming the parcel is the significant factor, and if you can get away without the actual appearance of the postman, so much the better.
So you could write: 'John was in a quandary. The postman had brought the parcel that morning, but the contents were decidedly not what he was expecting'
Lesson: Don't give minor 'walk on' characters names, and if you can do without them altogether, do so.
Principle 2 - Do they have a significant role?
Let's develop John and the postman again. This time you write:
'John opened the door. It was Reg Bigley the postman with a parcel.
"Hello Reg, what is it this time?"
"Another for your DVD collection I reckon, John."
"You could be right. Got time for a cup of tea?"
"Ta very much." '
Now you are giving Reg more than a 'walk on' role, plus we have [link widoczny dla zalogowanych] the beginnings of a personality. This poses some questions. Does Reg have anything to do with the actual plot? Does he have some knowledge about the parcel that will have a bearing on the plot? Is he going to appear more than once? How many cups of tea will he drink?
If the parcel is significant, as we have assumed, but Reg only appears once and is then forgotten, keep him simply as the postman with no name. [link widoczny dla zalogowanych] If Reg will contribute to the plot in some way, or if [link widoczny dla zalogowanych] his conversation with John will bring something pertinent to light, then giving him a name and a personality will work so long as you don't overdo it.
If you are bringing Reg back later in the story with an important contribution to make, then OK. Just don't give him a wife, three kids and a pet hamster.
Lesson: A character must add significantly to the plot to make them worth the precious word count they're going to take up in the story. If they don't, keep him or her low key and anonymous at most.
Keep your minor characters under control and you will have a sharper and more focussed story for your readers to enjoy.

Mervyn Love writes [link widoczny dla zalogowanych] on several topics including creative writing. His website has a mind-boggling array of resources, articles and links to keep any writer happy for hours. Subscribe to the WritersReign Article Writing course here:
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